外傭日常照顧老人注意事項

🌅 一、日常起居 | Daily Living

• 輕聲喚醒，不催促 | Gently wake, no rushing

• 先穿健側，後穿患側 | Dress strong side first

• 鼓勵自己穿，必要時協助 | Encourage independence, assist when needed

• 飯後及睡前刷牙漱口 | Brush after meals and before sleep

• 檢查口腔有無異常 | Check mouth for issues

• 床上起身：先抬高床頭，坐穩再扶站 | Raise head, sit firm, then stand

• 使用助行器前先檢查穩固 | Check walker stability first

• 必要時找人協助 | Get help if needed

• 午休1-2小時，不宜過長 | Rest 1-2 hours, not too long

• 保持安靜、光線柔和 | Quiet environment, soft light

🍽️ 二、飲食照顧 | Meal Care

• 洗手20秒以上 | Wash hands 20+ seconds

• 確認食物溫度適中 | Check food temperature

• 從正面餵，少量慢餵 | Feed from front, small bites slowly

• 確認吞嚥後再餵下一口 | Wait until swallowed

• ❌ 避免：整粒堅果🥜、糯米、年糕、果凍

• ❌ Avoid: Whole nuts, sticky rice, nian gao, jelly

• 噎食→立即呼叫家屬/打999📞 | Choking → Call family/999 📞

• 熱食放涼再給，先試溫 | Cool hot food, test temperature first

• 糖尿病🍬：少糖少鹽，定時定量 | Diabetes: Less sugar/salt, regular timing

• 高血壓💉：低鹽，避免醃製食品 | Hypertension: Low salt, avoid preserved foods

• 咀嚼困難🥩：食物打泥/切碎/煮軟 | Chewing difficulty: Mash/chop/soften

• 每天至少1500-2000ml | At least 1500-2000ml daily

🚿 三、個人衛生 | Personal Hygiene

• 水溫38-40℃，先冷後熱 | Water 38-40℃, cold first then hot

• 觀察皮膚有無紅腫/壓瘡 | Check skin for redness/sores

• 浴室裝扶手、防滑墊 | Install grab bars, non-slip mats

• 陪同如廁，協助穿脫 | Accompany, help dress/undress

• 確認安全坐好再離開 | Ensure safe sitting before leaving

• 解開→側身→清潔→墊新片→翻身→整理

• Unfasten → Turn → Clean → New diaper → Turn → Arrange

• 觀察皮膚，有紅疹即告知 | Check skin, report redness

💊 四、用藥管理 | Medication

• 設鬧鐘，核對藥名劑量 | Set alarm, verify name and dosage

• 確認老人吞下，記錄服藥時間 | Ensure swallowed, record time

• 放原包裝/藥盒，避光避潮 | Keep in original box, away from light/moisture

• 定期檢查有效期 | Check expiration dates

• ❌ 不可自行改劑量或停藥 | ❌ Never change dosage or stop

• 有不良反應立即告知 | Report adverse reactions immediately

🏠 五、安全注意 | Safety

• 地面保持乾爽，移除雜物 | Keep floor dry, remove clutter

• 夜間留小夜燈 | Leave night light on

• 鞋子防滑合腳 | Non-slip, well-fitted shoes

• 關好門窗，必要時上鎖 | Lock doors/windows if needed

• 讓老人戴識別手環 | Have elderly wear ID bracelet

• 外出必須陪同 | Always accompany when going out

• 家具尖角包好 | Cover sharp corners

• 熱水器不超過49℃ | Water heater max 49℃

• 藥物、清潔劑上鎖 | Lock medicines and cleaning products

💬 六、溝通陪伴 | Communication

• 說話放慢，語氣温和 | Speak slowly, gentle tone

• 簡短句子，一次一件事 | Short sentences, one topic

• 耐心傾聽，不打斷 | Listen patiently, don't interrupt

• 多陪伴，給予安全感 | Spend time, provide security

• 尊重意願和隱私 | Respect wishes and privacy

• 大聲命令、批評、指責、爭論 | Command loudly, criticize, blame, argue
  ✅ 要 | Do

• 耐心傾聽、温和回應 | Listen patiently, respond gently

🚨 七、緊急情況 | Emergency

• 🔥 發燒超過38℃ | Fever above 38℃

• 🩸 流血不止 | Uncontrolled bleeding

• 😵 暈倒/意識不清 | Fainting/unconsciousness

• 😰 呼吸困難/嘴唇發紫 | Breathing difficulty/blue lips

• 🤕 跌倒撞頭 | Fall with head injury

• 💔 胸口劇痛 | Severe chest pain

• 跌倒：先檢查傷勢再扶 | Fall: Check injury before lifting

• 燙傷：冷水沖15-20分鐘 | Burns: Cool water 15-20 mins

• 流鼻血：頭前傾，捏鼻翼 | Nosebleed: Lean forward, pinch nose

• 救護車：999 | Ambulance: 999

• 僱主電話：_______________ | Employer: _______________

🚫 八、禁止事項 | Prohibitions

• 🔨 體罰、推撞、束縛老人 | Hit, push, or restrain

• 🗣️ 大聲責罵、侮辱、嘲笑 | Yell, insult, or mock

• 😴 獨留老人在危險環境 | Leave alone in danger

• 💊 私自給非處方藥/偏方 | Give unprescribed medicine

• 💰 未經允許使用財物 | Use belongings without permission

• 📱 照顧時看手機/電視 | Watch phone/TV while supervising

💝 寫在最後 | Final Note

安全第一 🛡️ 時刻警覺 | Safety First 🛡️ Stay alert

尊重關愛 💖 當家人照顧 | Respect & Care 💖 Treat like family

不懂就問 ❓ 不要猜測 | Ask When Unsure ❓ Never guess